ACLU FOIA Litigation Reveals Details on ICE’s Solitary Confinement Policy Directive
Disclosure on policy directive critical to future legal challenges defending immigrants subject to solitary confinement in detention
WASHINGTON – New documents obtained by the ACLU this week reveal critical details about an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) policy directive issued under the Biden administration regarding the use of special management units, or solitary confinement cells, in immigration detention. The documents were obtained as a result of a FOIA lawsuit filed by the ACLU in January 2025. The new findings are critical to understanding what policies immigrants in ICE detention may be subject to, and in turn, will enable legal counsel to better defend immigrants who are subject to solitary confinement in ICE detention.
“ICE has largely hidden its use of solitary confinement to abuse people held in immigration detention, and our FOIA findings provide much needed disclosure regarding the standards and requirements for using solitary confinement units,” said Eunice Cho, senior staff attorney at the ACLU’s National Prison Project. “These documents help us better understand how ICE is allowed to use solitary confinement units, and in turn, enable us to ensure peoples’ rights are being upheld in immigration detention.”
In December 2024, ICE announced that it had issued policy updates for the use of solitary confinement cells for detained immigrants, however, it did not publicly release a copy of the updated policy and failed to respond to a FOIA request filed by the ACLU that same month. Notably, the documents reveal that the new policy directive requires:
- Individualized assessments, including a review of an individual’s medical and mental health care needs, be completed when deciding to place an individual in solitary confinement.
- Solitary confinement only be used as a last resort and when no other viable options exist for detention of pregnant individuals.
- ICE to make “every effort” to place detainees with significant physical illnesses or serious mental illnesses in a setting in or outside the facility in which appropriate treatment can be provided.
- ICE to provide the reason for solitary confinement to the individual impacted in a language or manner they can understand. The government’s justification for solitary confinement must also be documented and entered into an ICE database.
ICE’s use of solitary confinement units has prompted active concern and attention from Congress and other immigrants’ rights advocates. Nearly 50 members of Congress wrote to the Department of Homeland Security in April 2024, raising concern about the use of solitary confinement in immigration detention facilities. Recent reports from advocates and the media have also documented ICE’s widespread and abusive use of solitary confinement.
The FOIA documents are available here: https://www.aclu.org/documents/foia-document-review-of-the-use-of-special-management-units-for-ice-detainees
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